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Adrenaline Action Benchmark Tool With Support For Pae Free Trial CancelStart Free Trial Cancel anytime.Adrenaline Action Benchmark Tool With Support For Pae Download Now SaveComputer Paper - Ontario Edition Uploaded by kafralal 0 0 upvotes 0 0 downvotes 360 views 165 pages Document Information click to expand document information Date uploaded Aug 02, 2016 Copyright All Rights Reserved Available Formats PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd Share this document Share or Embed Document Sharing Options Share on Facebook, opens a new window Facebook Share on Twitter, opens a new window Twitter Share on LinkedIn, opens a new window LinkedIn Share with Email, opens mail client Email Copy Text Copy Link Did you find this document useful 0 0 upvotes, Mark this document as useful 0 0 downvotes, Mark this document as not useful Is this content inappropriate Report this Document Download Now save Save 1998-09 the Computer Paper - Ontario Edition For Later 360 views 0 0 upvotes 0 0 downvotes 1998-09 the Computer Paper - Ontario Edition Uploaded by kafralal Description: Full description save Save 1998-09 the Computer Paper - Ontario Edition For Later 0 0 upvotes, Mark this document as useful 0 0 downvotes, Mark this document as not useful Embed Share Print Download Now Jump to Page You are on page 1 of 165 Search inside document.![]()
It takes the form of a narrative that spans across more than two decades of political and military activities in the country, but places its main focus on the years from 1991 until 2002, when the country was embroiled in armed civil conflict and war-related violations and abuses were visited upon the population. This military and political history is couched in the terms of the Commissions mandate, attempting to present accurately the social and historical context in which the violations and abuses occurred and to address the question of whether those violations and abuses were the result of deliberate planning, policy or authorisation by any government, group or individual. In the first place, the Commission has sought to lend an appropriate context to the outbreak of hostilities in Sierra Leone by analysing its most proximate antecedents in this chapter. These factors are included under the rubric of The Predecessors, Origins and Mobilisation of the Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone (RUF). Thereafter, in understanding and analysing the military and political history, the Commission has deemed it necessary to devise a periodisation of the conflict that adequately reflects its main phases and captures its main events. To the extent that the greatest preponderance of key events in the military and political history of the conflict, not to mention the overwhelmingly majority of violations and abuses stemming from them, were driven by the combatants of the Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone (the RUF), it has been considered appropriate that the periodisation should reflect the evolving character of that faction, as well as the manner in which the conflict evolved as a result. The chapter begins with an analysis of the broader context in which the RUF originated, which is closely tied to the means by which conflict came to Sierra Leone. By the same token, the chapter ends by focussing on the events that led to the demise of the RUF, which are ultimately inseparable from the circumstances that brought the war to its conclusion. Based upon this logic, the framework overleaf has been adopted to divide the chapter into phases. On the political front, whilst ostensibly unrelated to the RUF itself, the elevation into Government of a group of junior officers of the Sierra Leone Army, calling themselves the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC), can be traced in origin and motivation to the perception on the part of the coup-makers that the Government had failed to prosecute the war efficiently. In other words, it stemmed from a perception that the Government had failed properly to defend the state against RUF incursions into its territories. Thus, the period from 23 March 1991 until 13 November 1993 can aptly be called Phase I of the RUFs conflict. As the ensuing analysis will demonstrate, while it was focused primarily on the assignment and assault of targets, it is as close as Sierra Leones armed struggle would ever come to conventional warfare. The selected cut-off point for Phase I is 13 November 1993. It was on this date that the RUF lost the border town of Baidu in Kailahun District to the advancing Allied Forces of the NPRC Government and appeared to be on the verge of total defeat. However, on or around the same day, Foday Sankoh announced the reversion to jungle warfare as a survival tactic and a strategy of attack, thereby signalling the start of a new phase - Phase II of the conflict. The transition between Phases I and II encapsulated both setback and forward momentum for the RUF. Adrenaline Action Benchmark Tool With Support For Pae Series Of EventsIt also heralded a far less predictable series of events that would expand the coverage and impact of the conflict as a whole into every provincial District of the country, onto the radar of the worlds media and to the top of the agenda for the sub-regions peace negotiators. In this regard, the watershed date of 25 May 1997 was not proven to be entirely satisfactory, since the events of that day were neither driven by the RUF nor directed towards the RUF. That day witnessed a protest action in the military, instigated by junior soldiers against their senior officers and culminating in an overthrow of the elected Government of President Kabbah. These events are of immense significance in the conflict as a whole, but they are unsuitable to form a cut-off point in the present frame of analysis. It is trite that in using a frame of analysis focused on the RUF, it is essential that any cut-off point should encompass either an event driven by the RUF or an action directed at the RUF. Thus the separation between Phases II and III instead falls on the date of 2 March 1997. It was on this date that Foday Sankoh was taken into the custody of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, from which his subsequent firearms charges effectively put an end to any hopes of sustainability in the negotiated peace that had emerged from the Abidjan Talks of 1996. By 2 March 1997, effective guerrilla warfare had been ended by the overthrow of all but a few of the RUFs original jungle bases, including its Headquarter Camp Zogoda. Sankohs second-in-command and perceived natural deputy, Mohamed Tarawallie, was missing, presumed dead in the siege of Zogoda. Accordingly, like the cut-off point for Phase I, the date constituted a seemingly fatal blow to the RUF. The morale-sapping effect of Sankohs arrest was inestimable and left many of the men on the ground questioning whether the struggle had in fact been decisively lost. Moreover, the date heralded a period of bitter contention among the aspirant alternative leaders of the RUF. These included a challenge for recognition from a group spearheaded by Captain Philip S. Palmer and the consequent re-assertion of control by Sam Mosquito Bockarie. Indeed, most of the material gathered by the Commission can be fitted comfortably into such a frame of analysis. The title Power Struggles and Peace Efforts for Phase III is intended to reflect the fact that warfare in the sense of the first two phases did not really exist in the latter stages of the war. Confrontation was just as likely to take place away from the battlefront as on it. It was not always the same type of power that people were struggling for.
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